Armenian Architecture

Armenian architecture is the building tradition of the Armenian Highlands, with its most influential period running from the 4th to 7th centuries and again from the 9th to 14th centuries. It is marked by pointed conical domes said to echo the shape of Mount Ararat, a strong vertical emphasis in which height often exceeds length, construction in volcanic tuff or basalt, stone vaulted ceilings and tall structural arches carrying ornate carved decoration on the outer walls. Etchmiadzin Cathedral, founded in the 4th century, and the 7th century churches of Saint Hripsime and Zvartnots are regarded as founding examples of what is often called the first national church style, and the monasteries of Haghpat, Sanahin and Geghard extend the tradition into the medieval period. Armenian builders also developed construction methods suited to the region's earthquakes, a concern that shaped the style's characteristically solid stone forms.