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Buildings and Structures

Moscow Kremlin

Fortifications and Military Architecture

The Moscow Kremlin, commonly called the Kremlin, is a fortified complex in the historic center of Moscow, Russia, comprising five palaces, four cathedrals and an enclosing wall together with numerous towers. Within the complex stands the Grand Kremlin Palace, once a royal residence of the tsar of Russia and now the residence of the president of the Russian Federation, overlooking the Moskva River to the south, Red Square to the east and the Alexander Garden to the west.

Facts
Building Type
Fortified Complex 1
Location
Moscow, Russia 1
Completed Year
1420 2
Completed Year
1495 1
Date is for the present walls and towers; the Kremlin site itself is far older.
Height (m)
19 1
Wall height varies from 5 to 19 m depending on terrain; 19 m recorded as the maximum. Overall wall length is 2,235 m.
Heritage Designation
UNESCO World Heritage 1
Classification
Standing Status
Standing 1
Building Type
Building Type (category)
Fort / Fortress 1
Connections

Has Building Type

Fortification, Concepts

Uses Element

Limestone, Architectural Materials
Source Moscow Kremlin (Wikipedia)
In the Other Atlases

Located In

Russia

Also in Geography Atlas: where this subject is located.

Sources
1. Moscow Kremlin (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia Foundation
  • lead paragraph, first sentence
    a fortified complex (kremlin) in Moscow, Russia
  • lead section, wall construction history
    The Kremlin walls as they now appear were built between 1485 and 1495.
  • lead section, wall dimensions
    Its overall length is 2,235 metres (2,444 yards), but the height ranges from 5 to 19 metres (16 to 62 ft), depending on the terrain.
  • Article text
    The Kremlin Museums were established in 1961, and the complex was among the first Soviet patrimonies inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1990.
  • Lead section
    Within the complex is the Grand Kremlin Palace, which was one of the royal residences of the Tsar of Russia, and is now the residence of the president of the Russian Federation. The Kremlin overlooks the Moskva River to the south, Red Square to the east, and Alexander Garden to the west.
  • Uses Element: Limestone, Lead and history sections
    Dmitri Donskoi replaced the oak palisade with a strong citadel of white limestone in 1366-1368 on the basic foundations of the current walls; this fortification withstood a siege by Khan Tokhtamysh.
View the Source
2. Wikidata: Moscow Kremlin
Wikidata Q133274, P571 claim (w-bbfill-artsarchag-0926)View the Source
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