The Teatro Farnese is a Renaissance theatre inside the Palazzo della Pilotta in Parma, Italy, commissioned by Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza, and completed in 1618 to a design by Giovanni Battista Aleotti. It is one of only three Renaissance theatres still standing, alongside the Teatro all'antica in Sabbioneta and the Teatro Olimpico in Vicenza, and some scholars credit it as the first permanent proscenium theatre, in which the audience views the action through a single framing arch. An Allied air raid nearly destroyed the theatre in 1944, and it was restored and reopened to the public in 1962.
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